In a star's final days, astronomers hunt 'signal of impending doom'

ScienceDaily (Nov. 30, 2011) — An otherwise nondescript binary star system in the Whirlpool Galaxy has brought astronomers tantalizingly close to their goal of observing a star just before it goes supernova.The study, submitted in a paper to the Astrophysical Journal, provides the latest result from an Ohio State University galaxy survey underway with the Large Binocular Telescope, located in Arizona.In the first survey of its kind, the researchers have been scanning 25 nearby galaxies for stars...

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Astronomers look to neighboring galaxy for star formation insight

ScienceDaily (Nov. 30, 2011) — An international team of astronomers has mapped in detail the star-birthing regions of the nearest star-forming galaxy to our own, a step toward understanding the conditions surrounding star creation.Led by University of Illinois astronomy professor Tony Wong, the researchers published their findings in the December issue of the Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series.The Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) is a popular galaxy among astronomers both for its nearness to our...

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Astronomers discover new exoplanet similar in size to Earth; Planet Kepler-21b found using space and ground-based observations

ScienceDaily (Nov. 30, 2011) — The NASA Kepler Mission is designed to survey a portion of our region of the Milky Way Galaxy to discover Earth-size planets in or near the "habitable zone," the region in a planetary system where liquid water can exist, and determine how many of the billions of stars in our galaxy have such planets. It now has another planet to add to its growing list.A research team led by Steve Howell, of NASA's Ames Research Center, has shown that one of the brightest stars in...

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Astronomers pin down galaxy collision rates by comparing Hubble images to supercomputer simulations

ScienceDaily (Oct. 27, 2011) — A new analysis of images from the Hubble Space Telescope combined with supercomputer simulations of galaxy collisions has cleared up years of confusion about the rate at which smaller galaxies merge to form bigger ones. This paper, led by Jennifer Lotz of Space Telescope Science Institute, is about to be published in The Astrophysical Journal.Galaxies grow mostly by acquiring small amounts of matter from their surroundings. But occasionally galaxies merge with other...

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Astronomers pin down galaxy collision rate with Hubble data

ScienceDaily (Oct. 27, 2011) — A new analysis of Hubble surveys, combined with simulations of galaxy interactions, reveals that the merger rate of galaxies over the last 8 billion to 9 billion years falls between the previous estimates.The galaxy merger rate is one of the fundamental measures of galaxy evolution, yielding clues to how galaxies bulked up over time through encounters with other galaxies. And yet, a huge discrepancy exists over how often galaxies coalesced in the past. Measurements...

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